GENRE OF RECOUNT
I. INTRODUCTION
There
are many activities or events that we did or happened in our lives. And some events or activities are very
interesting to be told to others, for examples
some of my friends ever saw the ghost at their houses. According to them
those are their experiences which can be very impressive or unforgettable , or
it can be our experience that sometimes really interesting to remember then we share to others.
To
express past activities or past event both in
written or spoken text , we need to know how to express in English context
of communication which is called “
Recount “. The purpose of recount is to
tell past activities or past events , such as personal experience, history,
biography or autobiography. And on
the next part, we would like to discuss further about the
Genre Of Recount”.
II. DISCUSSION
The
genre of Recount is a type of text that is used to inform or to tell about the
past events or past activities. Recount
Text is written in Past Simple. But Recount can be
expressed both in written or spoken. It can be written from the first or the third
person’s point of view. First person means if the events happened to the person
who writes the recount. And the third person is as the writer who tells other
persons’ experiences.The writer becomes an observer who tells the story. Both of those recounts tell about someone’s
experiences that is called personal recount. We use
connectives or sequence markers to tell the recount clearly in chronological
orders. The purpose of recount is
either to inform or to entertain the audience. There is no complication among
the participants and that differentiates from narrative
To arrange recount text we
also have to
know some generic or rhetorical
structure which consist of :
1. Orientation
In
this step we decide or arrange the topic or event that will be told or informed
to the readers. On this step, we try to attract or lead the readers to the
topic or event that we are going to
inform or to tell, so the readers will focus on the topic. It is where you give an outline of what you are writing about. This part also is Introducing
the participants, place and time. The setting or orientation is
the background information answering who, when, where and why.
2. Record of Events
On
this step, we tell the past activities or events in detail and chronological
order. It must be completed with the clear setting ( time and place ).
3. Re-orientation.
The
last step in arranging the recount text, we have to conclude the important
things that we have told previously, so the readers will understand more or they notice clearly about the events that happened
in chronological order.
It is optional. It is
stating personal comment of the writer to the story. And the conclusion expresses a personal opinion regarding the events described. In other
words this is where you bring your writing to a close by; saying how things
went, saying what you felt about the things that happened and/or mentioning
something which will or may happen late
Language Feature of Recount
• Introducing personal participant; I, my group, etc
• Using chronological connection; then, first, etc
• Using linking verb; was, were, saw, heard, etc
• Using action verb; look, go, change, etc
• Using simple past tense
The following examples of Recount
Text are given in order to explain more about the genre of recount, :
·
Examples I
Vacation to London
Orientation
|
Record of Events
|
On arrival at Heathrow Airport, they had to go to Customs and Immigration. The officers were pleasant. They checked the document carefully but their manners were very polite. Mr. Richard and his family collected their bags and went to London Welcome Desk. They arranged the transfer to a hotel. The hotel was a well-known four-star hotel. The room had perfect view of the park. The room had its own bathroom and toilet. Instead of keys for the room, they inserted a key card to open the door. On the third floor, there was a restaurant serving Asian and European food. They had variety of food.
RE-ORIENTATION |
Ø The Explanation
By
reading the above example of recount text above that was taken from internet ( google ), we can explain as follows :
v The Orientation :
The
objective of recount text above is the writer tells the readers about someone’ exprerience ( Mr. Richard’s
family ) who has vacation to London. The writer tells about the activites of Mr. Richard’s family on
their vacation from the first departure until the they came back from London.
The writer also tells about the impression of Mr. Richard’s family realated to
their vacation to London.
v Record of Events :
The
writer didn’t tell the detailed activities happened ( when was the time). But
the use of Past simple has explained clearly that the events already happened.
And the use of sequence markers also
explain that the writer has told the events in chronological order.
v Reorientation :
The
writer finally made conclusion by telling the impression of Mr. Richard’s
Family who was very happy to go to London for 14 days, eventhough they were all
tired.
v Language Feature of Recount
-
Chronological connection:
bold and underlined words
- Simple Past Tense: bold and Italic words
Examples II ( Our First
Product )
Princess Diana Biography
(
1961-1997 )
ORIENTATION
One of the woman I admire most is “ Diana Frances Spencer” or mostly
known as Lady Diana. She was a beautiful and smart princess
of English kingdom. She was born in 1961. Diana Got
married with Prince Charles in 1981, when she was at the young age of
twenty-one and became a member of Britain’s Royal Family.
RECORDS OF EVENTS
Princess
Diana has two sons, Prince William and Prince Harry. She loved her sons very much,
that was
her reason to endure both from the pressure of living in Britain’s Royal
Family. Princess Diana had a very good impression with her vitality charm and she liked doing some charity works by touching the lives of sick people and homeless people, such as in Africa or even
Indonesia. She came to them with her warmth and humanity.
RE-ORIENTATION
People think that Princess Diana’s life was
tragic when she was finally
killed
by the car accident in the Pont De Alma road tunnel in Paris, on August 31st
, 1997. Public were in deep compasion. Diana has passed away and her funeral took
place in Westminster Abbey, on September 1997. But her kindness touches and inspires people to remind her forever.
From
the second example of recount text above, we would like to discuss more about recount text and compare the first and the
second recounts.
v The orientation :
Telling
about someone’s bioghraphy is one of the example from recount text. On the
example above, the writer is as the third one who tells about Diana’s Biography that has very impressive
life story as a princess of English Kingdom. The writer tells about the
history of her life or the events that
happened in her life chronologically.
v Record of events :
The
biography of Princess Diana is told in detailed, it started from her time of
birth until the time when she passed away by completing the important event
that happened in her life. The writer also tells about the other informations
that can complete
and make her biography more interesting, such as ; the pressure of living in
Britain’s Royal family.
v Reorientation :
Finally, the writer made conclusion by
the telling the feeling of people related to the tragedy which caused Lady
Diana died and also the impression of people about Lady Diana.
v
Language Feature of Recount
- Using chronological
connection: bold and underlined
words
- Simple Past: bold and italic words
Ø We can compare the first and second recount text above, as follows :
1). The first recount tells about someone’s experiences while the second recount tells about someone’s biography, eventhough both the recounts above have different objectives, but both of the texts tell about past events and were told by the third persons as the writers who told their observation about Mr. Richard’s family vacation and about The Biography of Princess Diana.
3). Both the first and second examples have reorientation or conclusion that explain about the writers’observation stated in their recounts
UNFORGETABLE
EXPERIENCE
(Our Second Product )
ORIENTATION
I had the most unforgetable experience
in my life when I was 16 years old.
At
that time I was the second
grade of Senior High School student. It was a road accident experience.
I
still remember that day vividly when my relatives and I visited our hometown for
a holiday but we got the
accident on the way where our car was upside down .
RECORD OF EVENTS
Actually, the people who went to the home town were
father, a brother, two cousins, a driver and I.
We left
an official house in Sragen, central Java where my father worked there.
We should
leave the house after praying ‘subuh’ but I didn’t know why my father changed
our plan
and we left at 2 a.m. I felt worried because all
day until leaving for hometown, my father
hadn’t slept or
taken a rest completely. My father himself would drive the car
although there was a driver who
accompanied
us but he sat at the back and slept there.
However, I didn’t remember when I fell asleep and as I was aware suddenly, there
was
a big tree would be hit by our car. I screamed very loudly and all the
people in the car woke up because of my scream. At the same time time our car was upside
down at the left side. It happened at about 4 a.m. Apparently,
my father fell asleep
too while he was still driving even our car had just passed a bridge and it had
hit a banana tree and some flower pots. Nobody was injured physically except
me, there was only a little thick blood on my left
feet. Fortunately, there was a hospital.
My father and I went there to care my
feet and take a rest for a while and we thought
what had just happened.
RE-ORIENTATION
Finally we didn’t continue our journey and we went
back to Sragen especially to the official house.
Fortunately, the car could be
still driven despite in very low speed and the driver drove the car because my
father was very stressed with the accident. In the car,We didn’t
talk to each other and said nothing.
On the way home,
I couldn’t imagine if our car ran into the middle of the road or fell
into the ravine because
my father slept while he was driving the car.
That’s my unforgetable experience I think it is a terrible
experince and I hope
it will never happen again.
III. CONCLUSION
From the discussion above, we can take conclusion, as follows :
1). The
objective of Recount text is used to tell about the activities or events that
already happened in the past.
2). The
examples of recount text are :
- Story of
writer’s experiences and Story about someone’s experiences that was told
by the writer as a third person based on her / his observation. (Personal Recount)
- Factual Recount
- Imaginary Recount
- Telling
about someone’s biography.
- Telling
about history.
- Diary
3). Recount
text must be arranged in correct generic or rethorical structure that consist
of :
§ Orientation
§ Record of events
§ Reorientation
§ We use past simple or sometimes present perfect
tense to arrange recount text.
§ We use connectors and sequence markers to arrange
recount text to be in chronologically order. But sometimes, recount text used
unstated sequence markers as long as the events or activities are clearly
explained in chronologically order.
IV. TEACHING SUGGESTIONS
As teachers especially SMA teachers, we have to understand
how to teach recount text for both reading and writing skills in English
teaching, the following suggestions can be used to teach recount text in
integrated English Teaching ( Reading, writing and language components; grammar
for past simple ) :
Ø Use recount text and ask students to read loudly
and silently and check their comprehension
by asking some questions related to the text such as :
- What is the topic about.?
- When did it happen.?
- Where did it happen.?
- Who are the
participants?.....etc
Ø Lead the students to understand about orientation, record of event and
reorientation by discussing the content of each paragraph, then explain
completely using the students’responses.
Ø Ask students to identify each sentences that are
used past simple to express the event or activities that already happened in the
recount text given. Then explain the form and the use of past simple by
adopting two or three sentences from each paragraph.
Ø Ask students to identify the connector or
sequence markers are used in the text given, then explain the use of them.
Ø After the students understand the steps in arranging recount t
1.
The examples of Diary tell about the important or special
events that already
happened last week or several days ago. Then ask students to make their own
diary.
2.
The
topic s
about telling their experiences, it can be sad, happy or
unforgetable experiences. We can start ask the students to make the outline, draft
, then we can check or revise their writing, so finally students can rewrite
their recounts based on our revision.
4. Teaching Recount Text for Writing
Skills
: Writing
Genre : Recount Text ( Composing a diary )
Ask students to answer these questions and
share with their partners!
1. What did you do yesterday
morning?
2. What did you do last
Sunday?
3. What did you do last
night?
Ask students to look at the example and ask
them to compose their diary based on their answer.
Example
:
Jodi
is writing a diary. Read the text carefully and underline the past verb!
Monday, 26 September 2011.
I got up late this
morning. It was 6.30. I took a bath in hurry. Without having breakfast, I left
for school.
I arrived at school at 07.30
at school. I knocked the door and said greeting. But, all my frieds were
laughing. What happened? Oh my God! I brought my mother's bag. It's pink and
full of flower painting. That was embarassing.
- Ask students to fill in the gap with a correct
verb!
- Then we check the answers
- Finally we ask students to write a diary using the
sentences given.
took - came - had - studied -
visited
ext, they
can try to arrange recount text by giving :
1.
Pictures which can be given on slides, then ask them to
arrange in correct order based on the time time signals given on the pictures.
Then ask them to arrange as a short composition based on the
order of pictures.
2. The examples of Diary tell about the important or special
events that already
happened last week or several days ago. Then ask students to make their own
diary.
3. The
topic s
about telling their experiences, it can be sad, happy or
unforgetable experiences. We can start ask the students to make the outline, draft
, then we can check or revise their writing, so finally students can rewrite
their recounts based on our revision.
4. Teaching Recount Text for Writing
Skills
: Writing
Genre : Recount Text ( Composing a diary )
Ask students to answer these questions and
share with their partners!
1. What did you do yesterday
morning?
2. What did you do last
Sunday?
3. What did you do last
night?
Ask students to look at the example and ask
them to compose their diary based on their answer.
Example
:
Jodi
is writing a diary. Read the text carefully and underline the past verb!
Monday, 26 September 2011.
I got up late this
morning. It was 6.30. I took a bath in hurry. Without having breakfast, I left
for school.
I arrived at school at 07.30
at school. I knocked the door and said greeting. But, all my frieds were
laughing. What happened? Oh my God! I brought my mother's bag. It's pink and
full of flower painting. That was embarassing.
- Ask students to fill in the gap with a correct
verb!
- Then we check the answers
- Finally we ask students to write a diary using the
sentences given.
took - came - had - studied -
visited
1. The minister of education …………….our
school yesterday.
2. I ……………..a bath
very early. That was very cold.
3. I………………..hard
for final examination.
4. I…………..late at school.
5. I………………big breakfast.
Ø Sources :
- Internet
-
Look- A head for SMA 1st Grade – Erlangga
-
Linked to the world English Senior High School I
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